-- =============================================== -- DML-скрипт: загрузка и трансформация данных -- Запускается ПОВТОРНО при каждой загрузке (идемпотентно!) -- =============================================== -- 1. STG: имитация загрузки из источников (в реальности — COPY или INSERT из Kafka/NiFi) -- ⚠️ В продакшене STG часто очищается перед загрузкой (TRUNCATE), либо используется партицирование по дате DELETE FROM stg.customers_raw; DELETE FROM stg.orders_raw; DELETE FROM stg.order_items_raw; DELETE FROM stg.products_raw; -- STG (пример вставки с метками времени) INSERT INTO stg.customers_raw (_load_id, _load_ts, event_ts, customer_id, email, phone, city) VALUES ('batch_20250405_0800', '2025-04-05 08:00', NULL, '101','a@ex.com','700','Москва'), ('batch_20250405_0800', '2025-04-05 08:00', NULL, '102','c@ex.com','701','СПб'), ('batch_20250405_1200', '2025-04-05 12:00', NULL, '101','b@ex.com','700','Москва'), ('batch_20250405_1800', '2025-04-05 18:00', NULL, '101','b@ex.com','700','Санкт-Петербург'); INSERT INTO stg.orders_raw (order_id, order_date, customer_id) VALUES ('5001', '2024-01-10', '101'), ('5002', '2024-02-05', '102'); INSERT INTO stg.order_items_raw (order_item_id, order_id, product_id, qty, price_at_sale) VALUES ('1', '5001', '9001', '2', '100.00'), ('2', '5001', '9002', '1', '50.00'), ('3', '5002', '9001', '1', '100.00'); INSERT INTO stg.products_raw (product_id, name) VALUES ('9001', 'Phone'), ('9002', 'Case'); -- 2. ODS: очистка и типизация -- ⚠️ В продакшене используем UPSERT или incremental load, не TRUNCATE+INSERT TRUNCATE ods.customers, ods.orders, ods.order_items, ods.products; -- берём по BK самую позднюю запись (event_ts > _load_ts > _load_id) WITH src AS ( SELECT s.customer_id::INT AS customer_id, NULLIF(trim(s.email), '') AS email, NULLIF(trim(s.phone), '') AS phone, NULLIF(trim(s.city), '') AS city, NULLIF(s.event_ts, '')::timestamp AS event_ts, s._load_id, s._load_ts, COALESCE(NULLIF(s.event_ts, '')::timestamp, s._load_ts, to_timestamp(regexp_replace(s._load_id,'^batch_',''),'YYYYMMDD_HH24MI')) AS eff_ts FROM stg.customers_raw s WHERE s.customer_id ~ '^\d+$' ), last_per_bk AS ( SELECT DISTINCT ON (customer_id) customer_id, email, phone, city, event_ts, _load_id, _load_ts FROM src ORDER BY customer_id, eff_ts DESC, _load_ts DESC ) INSERT INTO ods.customers (customer_id, email, phone, city, event_ts, _load_id, _load_ts) SELECT customer_id, email, phone, city, event_ts, _load_id, _load_ts FROM last_per_bk; INSERT INTO ods.order_items (order_item_id, order_id, product_id, qty, price_at_sale) SELECT order_item_id::INT, order_id::INT, product_id::INT, NULLIF(qty, '')::INT, NULLIF(price_at_sale, '')::NUMERIC(10,2) FROM stg.order_items_raw WHERE qty ~ '^\d+$' AND price_at_sale ~ '^\d+(\.\d+)?$'; INSERT INTO ods.products (product_id, name) SELECT product_id::INT, TRIM(name) FROM stg.products_raw WHERE product_id ~ '^\d+$'; -- 3. DDS: dim_date — генерация календаря (идемпотентно: можно пересоздавать) -- В реальности — делается ОДИН РАЗ, либо дополняется по мере необходимости DELETE FROM dds.dim_date; WITH RECURSIVE dates AS ( SELECT DATE '2023-01-01' AS d UNION ALL SELECT (d + INTERVAL '1 day')::DATE -- ← приведение к DATE FROM dates WHERE d + INTERVAL '1 day' <= DATE '2027-12-31' ) INSERT INTO dds.dim_date ( date_key, date_actual, year, quarter, month, day, weekday_name, weekday_num, is_first_week ) SELECT CAST(TO_CHAR(d, 'YYYYMMDD') AS INT), d, EXTRACT(YEAR FROM d)::SMALLINT, EXTRACT(QUARTER FROM d)::SMALLINT, EXTRACT(MONTH FROM d)::SMALLINT, EXTRACT(DAY FROM d)::SMALLINT, TRIM(TO_CHAR(d, 'Day')), -- ← TRIM — убрать trailing space EXTRACT(DOW FROM d)::SMALLINT, d BETWEEN DATE_TRUNC('month', d) AND DATE_TRUNC('month', d) + INTERVAL '1 month' - INTERVAL '1 day' AND EXTRACT(DAY FROM d) <= 7 FROM dates; -- 4. DDS: dim_product — полная перезагрузка (если товары редко меняются) -- В реальности — инкрементальная загрузка по BK DELETE FROM dds.dim_product; INSERT INTO dds.dim_product (product_bk, product_name) SELECT product_id, name FROM ods.products; -- 5. DDS: dim_customer — первичная загрузка SCD2 (full backfill из STG) TRUNCATE dds.dim_customer, dds.fact_sales; BEGIN; WITH src AS ( SELECT s.customer_id::INT AS customer_bk, NULLIF(trim(s.email), '') AS email, NULLIF(trim(s.phone), '') AS phone, NULLIF(trim(s.city), '') AS city, COALESCE(NULLIF(s.event_ts,'')::timestamp, s._load_ts, to_timestamp(regexp_replace(s._load_id,'^batch_',''),'YYYYMMDD_HH24MI')) AS eff_ts, dds.customer_hash(s.email, s.phone, s.city) AS hashdiff FROM stg.customers_raw s WHERE s.customer_id ~ '^\d+$' ), ordered AS ( SELECT *, lag(hashdiff) OVER (PARTITION BY customer_bk ORDER BY eff_ts) AS prev_hash, row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY customer_bk ORDER BY eff_ts) AS rn FROM src ), changes AS ( -- только первые состояния и фактические изменения атрибутов SELECT * FROM ordered WHERE prev_hash IS DISTINCT FROM hashdiff OR prev_hash IS NULL ), framed AS ( SELECT customer_bk, email, phone, city, hashdiff, CASE WHEN rn = 1 THEN timestamp '1900-01-01' ELSE eff_ts END AS valid_from, lead(eff_ts) OVER (PARTITION BY customer_bk ORDER BY eff_ts) AS next_ts FROM changes ) INSERT INTO dds.dim_customer ( customer_bk, email, phone, city, hashdiff, valid_from, valid_to, is_current, created_at, updated_at ) SELECT customer_bk, email, phone, city, hashdiff, valid_from, COALESCE(next_ts - interval '1 second', timestamp '9999-12-31') AS valid_to, (next_ts IS NULL) AS is_current, now(), now() FROM framed ORDER BY customer_bk, valid_from; COMMIT; -- 6. DDS: fact_sales — загрузка фактов с учётом SCD -- В продакшене — фильтруем по диапазону дат (инкрементально) --TRUNCATE dds.fact_sales; INSERT INTO dds.fact_sales (customer_sk, product_sk, date_key, quantity, amount) SELECT dc.customer_sk, dp.product_sk, CAST(TO_CHAR(o.order_date, 'YYYYMMDD') AS INT), oi.qty, oi.price_at_sale * oi.qty FROM ods.orders o JOIN ods.order_items oi ON o.order_id = oi.order_id JOIN ods.products p ON oi.product_id = p.product_id JOIN dds.dim_product dp ON p.product_id = dp.product_bk JOIN dds.dim_customer dc ON o.customer_id = dc.customer_bk AND o.order_date::timestamp BETWEEN dc.valid_from AND dc.valid_to; -- 7. Проверка — вывод итогов (не часть ETL, но полезно для отладки) -- В реальном пайплайне такие SELECT выносятся в отдельные скрипты или дашборды -- SELECT 'dim_customer count = ' || COUNT(*) FROM dds.dim_customer; -- SELECT 'fact_sales count = ' || COUNT(*) FROM dds.fact_sales;