- Add statsd-exporter service to docker-compose.yml (prom/statsd-exporter:v0.27.1) - Add StatsD env vars to airflow-default-env for metrics export - Add airflow job to prometheus.yml scrape configs - Add Airflow Overview dashboard (Grafana provisioning) - Add Airflow alert rules: scheduler down, queue backlog, failures, parse time - Add configs/statsd_mapping.yml for StatsD → Prometheus conversion - Use Prometheus naming convention (_total for counters, _seconds for timers) - Add monitoring plan at plans/monitoring_airflow_plan.md - Update OPERATIONS.md and Makefile for airflow monitoring Tested: all 3 jobs (airflow, clickhouse, kafka) showing UP in Prometheus, metrics flowing (dagbag_size=3, executor slots, heartbeats with _total suffix), all 4 alert rules loaded in Grafana
450 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
450 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
# План подключения Airflow к мониторингу
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> Дата создания: 2026-02-08
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> Источник: Airflow 2.10.5 via statsd_exporter
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> Проверка API: Context7 (`/prometheus/docs` для scrape_configs)
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---
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## 1. Обзор
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Подключаем мониторинг Airflow через **statsd_exporter**. Airflow встроенно поддерживает отправку метрик в StatsD-формате, а statsd_exporter конвертирует их в Prometheus-формат.
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**Метрики, которые будем собирать:**
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- `airflow_dag_processing_total_parse_time` — время парсинга DAG
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- `airflow_dagbag_size` — количество DAG в DagBag
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- `airflow_executor_open_slots` — доступные слоты executor
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- `airflow_executor_queued_tasks` — задачи в очереди
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- `airflow_executor_running_tasks` — запущенные задачи
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- `airflow_task_duration{task_id, dag_id}` — длительность выполнения тасков
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- `airflow_task_failures` — количество падений тасков
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- `airflow_task_success` — успешные выполнения
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- `airflow_scheduler_heartbeat` — heartbeats шедулера
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---
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## 2. Изменения в инфраструктуре
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### 2.1. docker-compose.yml
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Добавить сервис `statsd-exporter`:
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```yaml
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statsd-exporter:
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image: prom/statsd-exporter:v0.27.1
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command: [
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"--statsd.listen-udp=:8125",
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"--statsd.listen-tcp=",
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"--web.listen-address=:9102",
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"--statsd.mapping-config=/tmp/statsd_mapping.yml"
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]
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ports:
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- "9102:9102" # Prometheus metrics endpoint
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- "8125:8125/udp" # StatsD receive port
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volumes:
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- ./configs/statsd_mapping.yml:/tmp/statsd_mapping.yml:ro
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networks:
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- cs_dwh
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```
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Добавить переменные окружения в `airflow-default-env`:
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```yaml
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x-airflow-env: &airflow-default-env
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# ... существующие переменные ...
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# StatsD для мониторинга
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AIRFLOW__METRICS__STATSD_ON: "True"
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AIRFLOW__METRICS__STATSD_HOST: "statsd-exporter"
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AIRFLOW__METRICS__STATSD_PORT: "8125"
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AIRFLOW__METRICS__STATSD_PREFIX: "airflow"
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```
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**Почему `prom/statsd-exporter:v0.27.1`:**
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- Стабильная версия с поддержкой mapping-конфигурации
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- Официальный образ от Prometheus team
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- Проверено на совместимость с Airflow 2.10.x
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### 2.2. configs/statsd_mapping.yml
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Создать mapping-конфигурацию для конвертации StatsD метрик в Prometheus:
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```yaml
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# Mapping StatsD → Prometheus для Airflow
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mappings:
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# DAG processing metrics
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- match: "airflow.dag_processing.total_parse_time"
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name: "airflow_dag_processing_total_parse_time"
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help: "Total time to parse all DAGs"
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type: gauge
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- match: "airflow.dagbag_size"
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name: "airflow_dagbag_size"
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help: "DAGs in the DagBag"
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type: gauge
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# Executor metrics
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- match: "airflow.executor.open_slots"
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name: "airflow_executor_open_slots"
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help: "Open slots on executor"
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type: gauge
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- match: "airflow.executor.queued_tasks"
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name: "airflow_executor_queued_tasks"
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help: "Queued tasks on executor"
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type: gauge
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- match: "airflow.executor.running_tasks"
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name: "airflow_executor_running_tasks"
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help: "Running tasks on executor"
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type: gauge
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# Task metrics с labels
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- match: "airflow.operator_failures_*"
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name: "airflow_operator_failures"
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help: "Operator failures"
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type: counter
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labels:
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operator: "$1"
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- match: "airflow.operator_successes_*"
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name: "airflow_operator_successes"
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help: "Operator successes"
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type: counter
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labels:
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operator: "$1"
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# Task duration by dag_id и task_id
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- match: "airflow.dag.*.task.*.duration"
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name: "airflow_task_duration"
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help: "Task duration by dag_id and task_id"
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type: timer
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labels:
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dag_id: "$1"
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task_id: "$2"
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# Task failures/success by dag_id и task_id
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- match: "airflow.dag.*.task.*.failures"
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name: "airflow_task_failures"
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help: "Task failures by dag_id and task_id"
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type: counter
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labels:
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dag_id: "$1"
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task_id: "$2"
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- match: "airflow.dag.*.task.*.success"
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name: "airflow_task_success"
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help: "Task success by dag_id and task_id"
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type: counter
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labels:
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dag_id: "$1"
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task_id: "$2"
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# Scheduler metrics
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- match: "airflow.scheduler_heartbeat"
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name: "airflow_scheduler_heartbeat"
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help: "Scheduler heartbeats"
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type: counter
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- match: "airflow.scheduler.critical_section_busy"
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name: "airflow_scheduler_critical_section_busy"
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help: "Scheduler critical section busy"
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type: gauge
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# Catch-all для остальных airflow метрик
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- match: "airflow.*"
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name: "airflow_${1}"
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help: "Airflow metric $1"
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type: gauge
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```
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### 2.3. configs/prometheus.yml
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Добавить job для скрейпа statsd-exporter:
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```yaml
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scrape_configs:
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- job_name: "clickhouse"
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metrics_path: "/metrics"
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static_configs:
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- targets: ["clickhouse:9126"]
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labels:
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instance: Clickhouse-1
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honor_labels: true
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- job_name: "kafka"
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metrics_path: "/metrics"
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static_configs:
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- targets: ["kafka-exporter:9308"]
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labels:
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instance: Kafka-1
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honor_labels: true
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# Новый job для Airflow
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- job_name: "airflow"
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metrics_path: "/metrics"
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static_configs:
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- targets: ["statsd-exporter:9102"]
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labels:
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instance: Airflow-1
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honor_labels: true
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```
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---
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## 3. Дашборд Grafana
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### 3.1. Создать файл: `configs/grafana/provisioning/dashboards/airflow-overview.json`
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Основные панели дашборда:
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| Панель | PromQL запрос | Описание |
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|--------|--------------|----------|
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| DAG Bag Size | `airflow_dagbag_size` | Количество DAG в системе |
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| Parse Time | `airflow_dag_processing_total_parse_time` | Время парсинга DAG |
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| Executor Slots | `airflow_executor_open_slots` | Доступные слоты |
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| Queued Tasks | `airflow_executor_queued_tasks` | Задачи в очереди |
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| Running Tasks | `airflow_executor_running_tasks` | Выполняемые задачи |
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| Task Duration | `rate(airflow_task_duration_sum[5m]) / rate(airflow_task_duration_count[5m])` | Средняя длительность тасков |
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| Task Failures | `rate(airflow_task_failures[5m])` | Rate падений по таскам |
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| Scheduler Heartbeat | `rate(airflow_scheduler_heartbeat[5m])` | Активность шедулера |
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### 3.2. Структура дашборда (основные секции)
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```json
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{
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"dashboard": {
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"id": null,
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"uid": "airflow-overview",
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"title": "Airflow Overview",
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"tags": ["airflow", "orchestration"],
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"timezone": "Europe/Moscow",
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"schemaVersion": 36,
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"refresh": "10s",
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"panels": [
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// Row 1: Scheduler Health
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// - DAG Bag Size (stat)
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// - Parse Time (gauge)
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// - Scheduler Heartbeat (graph)
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// Row 2: Executor Status
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// - Open Slots (stat)
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// - Queued Tasks (stat)
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// - Running Tasks (stat)
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// - Tasks distribution (graph)
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// Row 3: Task Performance
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// - Task Duration by DAG (heatmap или graph)
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// - Task Failures Rate (graph)
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// - Task Success Rate (graph)
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// Row 4: Per-DAG Details
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// - Top DAGs by runtime (table)
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// - Failed tasks by DAG (table)
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]
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}
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}
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```
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---
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## 4. Алерты Grafana
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### 4.1. Создать файл: `configs/grafana/provisioning/alerting/airflow-alert-rules.yml`
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```yaml
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apiVersion: 1
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groups:
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- orgId: 1
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name: airflow_alerts
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folder: Airflow
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interval: 30s
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rules:
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# Alert: Scheduler не отправляет heartbeats
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- uid: airflow_scheduler_down
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title: Airflow Scheduler Down
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condition: B
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data:
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- refId: A
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relativeTimeRange:
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from: 300
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to: 0
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datasourceUid: prometheus_uid
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model:
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expr: rate(airflow_scheduler_heartbeat[5m])
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instant: true
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- refId: B
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relativeTimeRange:
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from: 0
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to: 0
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datasourceUid: __expr__
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model:
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type: threshold
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expression: A
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conditions:
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- evaluator:
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type: lt
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params: [0.1]
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noDataState: NoData
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execErrState: Error
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for: 2m
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annotations:
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summary: "Airflow scheduler не отправляет heartbeats"
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description: "Scheduler possible down — rate(airflow_scheduler_heartbeat) < 0.1 в течение 2 минут"
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labels:
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severity: critical
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# Alert: В очереди слишком много задач
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- uid: airflow_queue_high
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title: Airflow Queue Backlog
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condition: B
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data:
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- refId: A
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datasourceUid: prometheus_uid
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model:
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expr: airflow_executor_queued_tasks
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instant: true
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- refId: B
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datasourceUid: __expr__
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model:
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type: threshold
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expression: A
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conditions:
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- evaluator:
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type: gt
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params: [50]
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noDataState: OK
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execErrState: Error
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for: 5m
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annotations:
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summary: "В очереди Airflow > 50 задач"
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description: "airflow_executor_queued_tasks превышает 50 в течение 5 минут — возможна перегрузка"
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labels:
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severity: warning
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# Alert: Много падений тасков
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- uid: airflow_task_failures_high
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title: High Task Failure Rate
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condition: B
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data:
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- refId: A
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datasourceUid: prometheus_uid
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model:
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expr: rate(airflow_task_failures[5m])
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instant: true
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- refId: B
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datasourceUid: __expr__
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model:
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type: threshold
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expression: A
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conditions:
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- evaluator:
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type: gt
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params: [0.1]
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noDataState: OK
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execErrState: Error
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for: 3m
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annotations:
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summary: "Высокий rate падений тасков"
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description: "rate(airflow_task_failures) > 0.1 в течение 3 минут — проверьте логи DAG"
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labels:
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severity: warning
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# Alert: DAG parsing занимает слишком много времени
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- uid: airflow_parse_time_high
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title: High DAG Parse Time
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condition: B
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data:
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- refId: A
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datasourceUid: prometheus_uid
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model:
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expr: airflow_dag_processing_total_parse_time
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instant: true
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- refId: B
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datasourceUid: __expr__
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model:
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type: threshold
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expression: A
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conditions:
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- evaluator:
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type: gt
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params: [30]
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noDataState: OK
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execErrState: Error
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for: 5m
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annotations:
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summary: "Парсинг DAG занимает > 30 секунд"
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description: "Возможно, есть тяжелые DAG — оптимизируйте или разбейте на под-DAG"
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labels:
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severity: info
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```
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---
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## 5. Проверка после деплоя
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```bash
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# 1. Перезапуск стека с новым сервисом
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make reload-monitoring
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# 2. Проверка, что statsd-exporter поднялся
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curl -s http://localhost:9102/metrics | grep airflow
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# 3. Проверка таргета в Prometheus
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curl -s http://localhost:9090/api/v1/targets | grep -A5 airflow
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# 4. Проверка дашборда в Grafana
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open http://localhost:3000/d/airflow-overview
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# 5. Проверка алертов
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curl -s -u admin:admin http://localhost:3000/api/v1/provisioning/alert-rules | grep airflow
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```
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---
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## 6. Troubleshooting
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### Нет метрик airflow_* в Prometheus
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1. Проверить env vars в Airflow:
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```bash
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docker compose exec airflow-webserver env | grep STATSD
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```
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Ожидается: `AIRFLOW__METRICS__STATSD_ON=True`
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2. Проверить доступность statsd-exporter:
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```bash
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docker compose exec airflow-webserver nc -zv statsd-exporter 8125
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```
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3. Проверить метрики в statsd-exporter напрямую:
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```bash
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curl -s http://localhost:9102/metrics
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```
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### StatsD метрики не мапятся
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Проверить формат mapping-файла:
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```bash
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docker compose logs statsd-exporter | grep -i "mapping\|error"
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```
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### Airflow не отправляет метрики
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Проверить конфигурацию внутри Airflow:
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```bash
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docker compose exec airflow-webserver airflow config get-value metrics statsd_on
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docker compose exec airflow-webserver airflow config get-value metrics statsd_host
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```
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---
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## 7. Зависимости и порядок применения
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1. Создать `configs/statsd_mapping.yml`
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2. Добавить `statsd-exporter` в `docker-compose.yml`
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3. Добавить StatsD env vars в `airflow-default-env`
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4. Обновить `configs/prometheus.yml` (добавить job airflow)
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5. Создать дашборд `configs/grafana/provisioning/dashboards/airflow-overview.json`
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6. Создать алерты `configs/grafana/provisioning/alerting/airflow-alert-rules.yml`
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7. Запустить `make reload-monitoring`
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